Data analysis and forecasting of air quality problem in Leshan

In this paper, the main factors affecting air quality is analyzed in Leshan over the past decade and the trend of air quality by selecting PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and CO as evaluation indicators. Based on the concentration monitoring data of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and CO in Leshan from December 2014 to July 2023, the weights of each indicator are obtained using the method of mean square error. Based on the fuzzy mathematical evaluation method, the membership function is selected, and weights are calculated to evaluate the air quality in Leshan from 1-10 December 2024. The results indicate that the main pollutants are particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, and the air pollution level from the 1st to the 10th is mostly level three, with few exceptions. The evaluation results can objectively reflect the quality of environmental air quality in the region, providing a theoretical basis for the improvement and management of air pollution. A linear regression model is also used to analyze the data, and the study finds that Leshan's air quality is improving year by year, but it is still threatened by pollutants such as PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and O₃.