Bacterial Spectrum and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Urinary Tract Infection Cases at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Urinary tract infections are among the more frequent bacterial illnesses observed in clinical settings worldwide. Any component of the urinary system can get infected with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Mostly infections affect the lower urinary system, especially the urethra and bladder. A UTI is more common in women than in males. If the infection is limited to the bladder, it may be uncomfortable and bothersome. Material and Methods: A total of 156 samples were obtained from patients exhibiting clinical indications of UTI at a tertiary care hospital in Gorakhpur. Standard microbiological procedures were used to isolate and identify microorganisms. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Results: Out of the 156 samples tested, 66 (42.30%) showed bacterial growth, 11 (7.05%) showed fungal growth, and 79 (50.64%) were culture-negative. E. coli antibiotic susceptibility patterns revealed a troubling trend of multidrug resistance, particularly with commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and third-generation cephalosporin's. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the necessity of continual observation of uropathogens, as well as their resistance patterns, in guiding appropriate empirical therapy. Such data are critical for developing antibiotic stewardship strategies to tackle the growing issue of antimicrobial resistance in community and hospital settings.