A Comprehensive Review of Biped Robots Development, Key Technologies, Applications and Future Trends

Biped robot, as a highly complex intelligent system, integrates advanced technologies in many fields, such as machinery, control, sensing and artificial intelligence, and shows a wide range of application potential. This paper systematically reviews the development of biped robot, from the early theoretical foundation to the breakthrough of the current high-performance prototype, focusing on the progress of its key technologies, such as mechanical structure design, dynamic motion control, environment perception and human-computer interaction. The research shows that the biped robot has been initially applied in industrial collaboration, social services, disaster relief and other fields, reflecting good environmental adaptability and task execution ability. However, it still faces significant challenges in dynamic balance control, energy autonomy, man-machine cooperation security and so on. In the future, biped robots will continue to develop in the direction of high dynamic performance, intelligent decision-making and multi-scene integration applications. This paper aims to provide a systematic technical reference and application prospects for researchers in related fields.