Gender-specific effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cross-sectional study
Smoking may have a potential gender-specific effect on the risk of CMD and CMM, with female smokers exhibiting a higher prevalence of CMM than males. This highlights the need to integrate gender considerations into chronic disease prevention frameworks.
Authors
- Xiuxiu Yan
- Xiao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1175-9506)
- Pei Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3905-2302)
- Xin Zhang
- Jie Gao
- Chunping Ni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1450-7027)
- Xiao Liang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1168-9122)
Institutions
- Air Force Engineering University (CN)
- Xi'an Medical University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Tobacco Induced Diseases
- Published
- 2025-09-19
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/208109
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.76