Enhancing the electrochemical performance of rGO-based ternary composite for next generation supercapacitors

This work explores the rational design and synthesis of a high-performance ternary nanocomposite rGO/CeO₂/PPy, by incorporating cerium oxide and polypyrrole into the rGO matrix, through a hybrid approach of combining hydrothermal synthesis with <i>in situ</i> oxidative polymerization. Comprehensive structural characterization of the rGO/CeO₂/PPy composite confirms the successful integration of components, revealing a hierarchically porous architecture that optimizes both charge transport and ion diffusion kinetics. The ternary composite exhibits exceptional interfacial interactions, including π-π conjugation between rGO and PPy, coupled with electrostatic stabilization from CeO_2, resulting in enhanced mechanical integrity and improved electrolyte accessibility. Electrochemical characterization reveals remarkable performance metrics, with a specific capacitance of 874 F g^-1 and outstanding cyclic durability of 94% capacity retention after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at 1 A g^-1. The configured rGO/CeO₂/PPy//AC system exhibits exceptional energy storage performance, yielding an energy density of 39.6 Wh kg^-1 while sustaining a power density of 2859 W kg^-1. These outstanding characteristics underscore the material's suitability as a cutting-edge electrode for sophisticated energy storage systems, showcasing the benefits of strategic component integration in hybrid nanocomposite design.