Prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the Female, woman and girl/or Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus
We found limited evidence for prevention strategies and MRFs in female/woman/girl athletes except for very-low certainty evidence supporting headgear use in adolescent lacrosse and soccer. Future studies should consider the design, implementation and evaluation of SRC prevention strategies that target MRFs to guide safe practice recommendations specifically for female/woman/girl athletes.
Authors
- Jean‐Michel Galarneau (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-8753)
- Michael Makdissi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0334-7133)
- Cheri Blauwet (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-1009)
- Kerry Peek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2194-3353)
- Kathryn Schneider (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5951-5899)
- Heather A. Shepherd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0665-8674)
- Isla Shill (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0175-2354)
- Carolyn A. Emery (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-6691)
- Matthew King (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0470-5924)
- Steven P. Broglio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2282-9325)
- Sharief Hendricks (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-6266)
- Jackie L. Whittaker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-4976)
- Stephen West (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5800-7000)
- Ash T Kolstad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2994-9880)
- Kay M. Crossley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5892-129X)
- Géraldine Martens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-7165)
- Alix Hayden (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0057-1327)
- Omar Heyward (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-6511)
- Araba Chintoh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-5810)
- Paul Eliason (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7043)
- Osman Hassan Ahmed (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0076)
- Debbie Palmer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4676-217X)
- Stacy Sick (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0228-1209)
- Clara A Soligon
Institutions
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- University of Liège (BE)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- La Trobe University (AU)
- Stellenbosch University (ZA)
- University of Michigan (US)
- The Football Association (GB)
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (US)
- Poole Hospital (GB)
- Fédération Internationale de Football Association (CH)
- Australian Football League (AU)
- Research Canada (CA)
- Department of Physiological Sciences (RU)
- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust
- University of Bath (GB)
- University of Portsmouth (GB)
- Leeds Beckett University (GB)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- British Journal of Sports Medicine
- Published
- 2025-09-19
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109915
- Citations
- 7
- Primary Topic
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 9.48
Funders
- International Olympic Committee