Strike‐Slip Fault‐Generated Paleotsunamis in Lake Iznik (NW Türkiye): Numerical Modeling Corroborated by Coastal Deposits
Abstract Strike‐slip faults in lacustrine environments present overlooked tsunamigenic potential. For the first time, we have reconstructed paleotsunamis triggered by strike‐slip faulting with a dip‐slip component that ruptured the lake floor. This study focuses on Lake Iznik (Türkiye), located along the middle strand of the North Anatolian Fault (MNAF). We modeled tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation for the 121 CE (Mw ∼7.3) and 1065 CE (Mw ∼6.9) earthquakes using a coupled coseismic dislocation and hydrodynamic model. Simulated run‐ups and inundation distances are validated against coastal tsunami deposits. Our results show maximum run‐ups of ∼3 m for the 121 CE event and ∼1 m for the 1065 CE event, highlighting the tsunami hazard to the lakeshore. We also demonstrate that the tsunami generated during the 1065 CE event lacked sufficient wave height (<0.5 m) to damage the newly discovered submerged Byzantine basilica. These findings emphasize the need to integrate tsunami risk into seismic hazard assessments for lacustrine strike‐slip fault zones.
Authors
- Mustafa Şahin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5153-1918)
- Denys Dutykh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5247-2788)
- Nur Deniz ÜNSAL (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6798-6551)
- Julia de Sigoyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-985X)
- Renaldo Gastineau (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-2852)
- Pierre Sabatier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9620-1514)
- Raphaël Paris (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4569-5187)
- Edward Duarte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8788-909X)
- Nicolas Harrichhausen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8953-4292)
- Muhammad Naveed Zafar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7430-0123)
- Simon Flavard
Institutions
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Bursa Uludağ Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ (TR)
- University of Alaska Anchorage (US)
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology (AE)
- Université Clermont Auvergne (FR)
- Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (FR)
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Mathématiques Appliquées (FR)
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (FR)
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc (FR)
- Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Published
- 2025-09-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl117422
- Primary Topic
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00