Integrative medicine in oncology – between science, ideology, and pragmatism

This is a narrative review and reflection on current knowledge regarding the use of integrative and complementary therapies in oncology, emphasizing both potential benefits and risks, with a focus on critical evaluation of scientific evidence and a pragmatic approach to patient care. The aim of this article is to introduce the concept of integrative oncology as an ethical and evidence-based approach that extends standard cancer care by addressing psychosocial and existential dimensions of health, without abandoning the principles of evidence-based medicine.