Evaluation of some triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) genotypes under rainfed and supplemental irrigation conditions in Diyarbakir ecology

This study was conducted in the research area of the Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture during the 2017-2018 growing season to evaluate triticale genotypes based on various agricultural traits and identify genotypes suitable for Diyarbakir ecology. The experiment was conducted under two different conditions: rainfed and supplementary irrigation. The plant materials included two commercial triticale varieties (Alperbey and Esin) and three lines (DZ9-01-02, DZ9-06, and TBT16-11) developed by the Faculty of Agriculture of Dicle University. Under rainfed conditions, drought before heading adversely affected the traits, whereas supplemental irrigation improved all examined characteristics. Among the genotypes, TBT16-11 demonstrated high yield stability and superior attributes, including earliness. Alperbey has been identified as a promising parent in breeding programs. Regression analysis revealed an inverse relationship between canopy temperature and LAI under both rainfed and irrigated conditions, with high temperatures reducing the leaf area. Additionally, the heading time had a positive influence on grain yield, while the SPAD value enhanced thousand-kernel weight and grain yield. In conclusion, supplemental irrigation significantly increased triticale yield, highlighting its resilience to adverse conditions and its positive response to favorable environmental factors.