Sustainability focused decision modeling framework for improving performance of packaging supply chain system

Purpose The objective of our study is to evaluate and analyze the critical success factors (CSFs) that influence the performance of packaging supply chain systems (PSCS) in emerging economies. The study aims to determine the hierarchical structure and interrelationship of potential CSFs to achieve long-term sustainable and environmental goals. Design/methodology/approach The total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) technique was employed to analyze the interrelationship and significance of identified CSFs. MICMAC analysis was utilized to categorize them into four distinct groups according to their driving and dependent power. Fleiss Kappa statistics were also employed to validate the identified CSFs. Findings The results show that the commitment of regulatory bodies, capital investment and continuous enhancement in packaging operations are the most significant CSFs that have attained maximum influential power and weak dependence power. Statistical validation was also conducted at a 5% significance level to confirm that the determined interrelationships among CSFs were more robust and generalized. Research limitations/implications The study has the potential to assist managers in implementing sustainable strategies that drive long-term cost savings and environmental benefits. The study identifies key CSFs that help reduce waste and environmental emissions, supporting sustainability efforts. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in structurally analyzing CSFs that shape sustainability within the packaging firms, a dimension that remains underexplored in the existing literature. By integrating interpretive modeling with a focus on driving factors such as regulatory commitment, investments and operational enhancement, the study stresses businesses to align policies, innovation and collaborative strategies to enable sustainable transitions.