Tuyển chọn Aptamer có độ nhạy và đặc hiệu cao đối với Melamine bằng kỹ thuật Selex

Melamine, a nitrogen-rich industrial compound, has been illicitly added to food products to falsify protein content, posing serious health risks. Ingestion of melamine-contaminated food, especially milk, can lead to renal damage, urinary tract disorders, and even death. Therefore, developing rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection methods is essential for food safety monitoring. Traditional techniques such as HPLC and GC, while reliable, are costly, time-consuming, and require skilled technicians. In this study, we employed the SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) method to generate DNA aptamers specifically binding to melamine. After twelve selection cycles, two aptamers, Mel01AS and Mel02AS, were obtained, exhibiting strong binding affinities with dissociation constants (Kd) of 16 nM and 40 nM, respectively. Their binding characteristics were confirmed through electrophoresis and fluorescence analysis. These aptamer-based biosensors offer a promising, efficient alternative for melamine detection in food, contributing to safer and more accessible monitoring practices. Keywords: Melamine, Aptamer, SELEX, Biosensor.