Beamforming, Handover, and gNB Optimization for 5G/6G mmWave in Enterprise Networks: A ns-3 and NYUSIM-Based Study

This paper presents a simulation-based framework to optimize 5G/6G mmWave network deployments in enterprise environments. Using ns-3 and NYUSIM, it evaluates next-generation Node B (gNB) placement, beamforming, and handover strategies across factory, office, and campus settings. Leveraging the inherent high bandwidth and low latency capabilities of mmWave technology, this study systematically addresses critical challenges such as severe signal attenuation, dynamic blockage, and efficient beam management in complex indoor and outdoor enterprise settings, including large-scale industrial complexes, multi-floor smart offices, and expansive university campuses. Utilizing established open-source network simulators, specifically ns-3, and integrating publicly available, industry-standard channel models such as 3GPP TR 38.901 and NYUSIM, the research proposes and rigorously evaluates novel deployment strategies, advanced beamforming techniques, and intelligent handover mechanisms. The anticipated outcomes include validated guidelines for optimal base station placement, robust performance benchmarks for key enterprise applications (e.g., Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC)), and a robust, extensible simulation framework. This work aims to provide critical, data-driven insights for telecommunication providers and network planners, enabling them to design and implement superior, reliable, and future-proof 5G/6G connectivity solutions, thereby accelerating digital transformation across various industrial and commercial sectors.