Gastrointestinal Environment Intelligent‐Responsive Nanozyme for the Treatment of Multidrug‐Resistant <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection

Helicobacter pylori is a pathogen that can withstand the pH levels in the stomach and cause gastric infections. It is widely recognized as a major risk factor for gastric diseases, and its eradication could effectively treat peptic ulcers and gastritis, and reduce the mortality rate of gastric cancer. However, the antibiotic combination therapies typically used to eradicate H. pylori can disrupt the gut microbiota. Therefore, this study presents a gastrointestinal environment intelligent-responsive nanozyme (CeOSL) for treatment of multidrug-resistant H. pylori infections and regulation of inflammation. The oxidase-like activity of CeOSL is activated in the gastric juice and mucus, which generates superoxide radicals that eradicate H. pylori. Furthermore, CeOSL can scavenge reactive oxygen species to alleviate inflammation in the gastric epithelium with no significant effect on symbiotic microbiota, which addresses the pathological conditions associated with H. pylori infections. This pH-modulated nanozyme approach provides a safer and more effective strategy for treatment of H. pylori infections.