SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination of Pregnant Women during the 2020–2023 Pandemic: Implications for Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes

Aim. A review of scientific literature data on vaccination of patients at the preconception stage and during pregnancy, the effect of the domestic vaccine against COVID-19 on the development of obstetric and perinatal complications, as well as a study of the dynamics of vaccination in the regions of the Russian Federation. Key points. The problem of vaccinating pregnant patients, as well as women planning pregnancy, against a new coronavirus infection is extremely relevant in connection with the recent COVID-19 pandemic and its negative impact on public health. Women during pregnancy and the postpartum period are at high risk of severe disease and the development of obstetric and perinatal complications. In addition, a new coronavirus infection suffered before pregnancy may lead to an increased risk of gestational complications. Despite recommendations from leading world and Russian medical organizations about the need to vaccinate pregnant women who are at highest risk of severe COVID-19, the proportion of vaccinated patients remains insignificant. An obstacle to widespread vaccination in the pregnant population is a lack of information and misinformation about the risks associated with vaccination in relation to the health of the mother and fetus. Vaccination coverage among pregnant women in the Russian Federation is insufficient to achieve herd immunity. Conclusion. Vaccination against the new coronavirus infection is an effective method of preventing severe COVID-19, obstetric and perinatal complications and does not have a negative impact on the mother’s health. However, in the modern scientific literature there is insufficient data on the impact of vaccination against COVID-19 on the course of pregnancy, the health of the fetus and newborn, so these issues remain relevant and require further research. Keywords: pregnancy, COVID-19, vaccination.