Prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B Virus among Students at the University of Yaounde 2

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and hepatitis B are diseases that are transmitted by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) respectively. Unlike AIDS, which is mainly found in southern and eastern Africa, the areas most affected by hepatitis B in Africa are West and Central Africa. In order to monitor the status of these diseases among students in Cameroon, a prospective study on a sample of 494 students as part of systematic medical visits was conducted at the Medical-Social Center of the University of Yaounde 2 from 14th October 2024 to 18th October 2024. This study presents the serological status of students with regard to HIV and hepatitis B. Immunochromatographic diagnostic technique was used to determine the serological status of participants. Approximately 49% of participants were between 21 and 25 years of age, and 41% were between 15 and 20 years of age. Approximately 63% of participants were female and 37% were male with a sex ratio of 1.7/1. The age group most infected with Hepatitis B Virus was between 21 and 25 years. No cases of HIV infection were encountered. Hepatitis B Virus was predominant in males with 67% of infections. Hepatitis B virus was present in our sample. This infection affected men significantly more than women. Despite the fact that hepatitis B virus and HIV share the same transmission pathways, we found that hepatitis B was more prevalent than AIDS among students at the University of Yaounde 2. Awareness campaigns in establishments could improve the fight against sexually transmitted diseases in Cameroon.