Indexes of innate immunity in patients with abdominal sepsis with different outcomes

Innate immunity plays a critical role in early recognition and response to pathogens, and its study in abdominal sepsis (AS) is important for pathogenesis, early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategy. The aim of our study was to search for indices of innate immunity in the dynamics of AS dependent on its clinical outcomes. The study was conducted in a group of 64 patients with AS aged 32-82 years, who were divided in two groups: (1) 46 patients with a favorable outcome, and (2) 18 cases with a fatal outcome. The studies were conducted on days 1, 3, and 7. The total number of leukocytes was examined using a Sysmex XT- 1800i/XT-2000i hematology analyzer (Japan); functional activity of neutrophils was measured by phagocytosis activity and intensity, and oxygen–dependent metabolism. The program “Statistica 10.0 for Windows” was used for statistical evaluation. It was found that, in AS patients, the number of metamyelocytes, rod-shaped, segmented neutrophils increases in the blood within 1-7 days of follow-up, regardless of clinical outcome; in cases of negative outcome of AS, neutrophilic leukocytosis is more pronounced, and the number of monocytes and eosinophils increases. In patients with AS, regardless of the outcome, the absorption capacity of blood neutrophils increases, along with increased oxygen-dependent metabolism in spontaneous mode, and its inhibition in induced mode. Inn cases of unfavorable outcome of AS, we observed elevation of absorption capacity of blood neutrophils on days 1-7 of follow-up, along with inhibition of oxygen-dependent neutrophil metabolism in spontaneous and induced modes, mainly, on days 3 and 7 of follow-up.