Investigation of subunit vaccine candidates against african swine fever vaccine candidates derived from subdomains of the transmembrane protein CD2v, using immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics metods

African swine fever (ASF) remains a global threat to pig production, causing economic losses. In this study, a theoretical comparison of candidate subunit vaccines based on the ASFV transmembrane protein CD2v was performed. Three supramembrane subdomains of CD2v were evaluated using immunoinformatics, structure prediction and molecular modeling methods. The results show that all candidates are non-toxic, non-allergenic and able to induce a stable immune response, including long-term antibody production. Subdomain A stands out as the most promising due to its high immunogenicity, despite potential difficulties in expression in Escherichia coli. Immunomodeling of activation of both primary and secondary immune responses, analysis of structural stability showed the reliability of the candidates under ascertaining conditions. The study provides a theoretical basis for further experimental development of subunit vaccines against ASF, combining safety and efficacy.