Computational works of blood flow with dust particles and partially ionized containing tiny particles on a moving wedge: Applications of nanotechnology

Abstract The effect of Hall and ion slip forces on a three-dimensional wedge flow with multiple slip conditions and hyperbolic tangent rheology is examined in the current problem. The flow and thermal behaviors are analyzed considering a ternary hybrid nanofluid (HNF) with a two-phase boundary layer mechanism with both liquid and dusty phases. Thermal energy characteristics involving nanofluid suspensions of copper, <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi mathvariant="normal">TiO</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msub> </m:math> {{\rm{TiO}}}_{2} , and aluminum oxide in an ethylene glycol utilizing the correlations of Yamada-Ota and Xue models. Viscous dissipation and Joule heating effects are also taken into account in the model, which is important for applications in a variety of industries, including papermaking, cooling systems, heat reservoirs and automotive thermal control. The governing PDEs are reduced to ODEs through the use of mathematical transformations. The numerical results are simulated by utilizing the finite element method. The findings show that, in comparison to the phase liquid, the dusty fluid moves more readily and has a thicker momentum boundary layer than the phase liquid. By highlighting the unique thermal and flow characteristics of each phase, these results advance our knowledge of the dynamics of HNFs. The new understanding of multi-phase, ternary HNFs under electromagnetic forces provided by this study improves the predictive modeling of nanofluid behaviors for industrial and engineering applications, particularly those that call for exact control and high thermal efficiency.