Histopathological Findings in Cholecystectomy Specimens of Gallbladder in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: The gallbladder is one of the most frequently resected organs which is examined in a surgical pathology practice. It presents with a wide spectrum of lesion on histopathology. Gallbladder is among the most common organs where incidental gallbladder carcinoma occurs. The study was aimed to find the prevalence of various histopathological spectrum of gallbladder among cholecystectomy specimens in a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of pathology, of a tertiary care hospital from January 1, 2023 to December 30, 2024. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: NAPFH-037/2024). All the patients who had undergone cholecystectomy for gallbladder diseases were enrolled in the study. Enumeration sampling technique was done. Basic statistics and Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis. Results: Out of 400 cholecystectomy specimens, Chronic cholecystitis with specific finding was the most common finding with 270 (67.50%) cases. 11 (2.75%) cases of dysplasia and one (0.25%) case of gallbladder adenocarcinoma was observed. There were 125 (31.25%) males and 275 (68.75%) females with a male to female ratio of 1:2.2. Age ranged from 15 to 83 years with a mean age of 44.32±13.55 years. Gallbladder lesions were observed maximum in age group 30-39 years with 136 (34.00%) cases. Conclusions: The prevalence of histopathological spectrum of gallbladder is similar to other studies done in similar settings. Female predominance was noted in gallbladder lesions.