Early Brain Metastasis despite Pathological Complete Response after Radical Resection for Esophageal Cancer following Chemotherapy and Pembrolizumab

5-Fluorouracil and cisplatin plus pembrolizumab therapy may allow conversion surgery in advanced esophageal cancer. However, even in patients who achieve pCR at the primary lesion, brain metastasis may occur after surgical treatment. Preoperative and postoperative surveillance for brain metastases is necessary in patients at high risk of distant metastasis, even if the local lesion is controlled.