Design and evaluation of dispersion compensation techniques in multi-channel optical transport networks

Abstract The integrity of high speed, long -term optical transmission is greatly affected by the presence of chromatic spread. The study examines the efficiency of three spread management strategies -performs, later and in a symmetrical hybrid approach conversion in the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. Using the Opti system simulation software, an eight-channel WDM network was modeling in a transfer length of 100 km–500 km, which included both non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) modulation format with 1 GBPS and 3 GBPs data rates. The most important performance parameters, including bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), and eye diagrams, were examined. The symmetrical hybrid scheme, incorporating both dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) elements at transmitter and receiver ends, emerged as the most effective overall – delivering the clearest eye diagrams and lowest BER values even at 500 km. These results offer clear guidance for designing robust and efficient long-haul optical links, especially in networks where transmission quality and scalability are critical. The results suggest that pre-compensations provide better stability and signal protection in growth distance, while fiber and fibers that meet hybrid methods accept grams-all detect the most reliable performance of the measured matrix. These findings emphasize the importance of tiled spread control to maintain signal fidelity in advanced WDM systems.