Aprendizaje Lúdico a través de una secuencia didáctica de los Números Racionales

The research carried out at the Juan Pablo II Educational Institution, located in the municipality of Santa Rosa de Viterbo, was developed as part of a Master's thesis in Didactics of Mathematics. Its main purpose was to strengthen the learning of rational numbers in sixth grade students through the use of playful activities. The methodology adopted responds to a qualitative approach, adequate to address the situation raised by the teacher of the area, who expressed that the teaching of mathematics has become more complex since the return to face-to-face teaching after the pandemic. This perception was supported by the results of a diagnostic test applied to the group of students, which showed significant difficulties in the understanding of basic mathematical concepts. In view of this reality, it was decided to implement active methodologies that would make learning more dynamic. In particular, a didactic sequence composed of seven sessions was designed, in which playful activities were integrated with the objective of stimulating the active participation of the students and facilitating the understanding of rational numbers in a more enjoyable and effective way. At the end of the process, an exit test was applied to assess the progress achieved. The results showed significant improvements both in performance and in the students' mathematical comprehension, which confirms the effectiveness of the use of play strategies as a tool to strengthen competencies in this area of knowledge.