Specific features of ionospheric disturbances accompanying the 14–20 January 2022 magnetic storm

We conducted the analysis of ionospheric disturbances that occurred during the moderate magnetic storm of 14–20 January 2022. The study is based on data of vertical and oblique ionospheric sounding obtained in the Northeastern region of Russia, and supplemented by observations at HF radars and magnetic observatories. It has been revealed that the amplitudes of positive and negative ionospheric disturbances accompanying this storm are comparable to those observed on other days of January during weak magnetic storms and disturbances. Specific features of the disturbances observed only during the storm in question are as follows: (1) a midnight–morning increase of the maximum observed frequency of one-hop mode of HF radio wave propagation on the paths Norilsk — Tory and Magadan — Tory on 14 January; (2) enhanced nighttime fluctuations in F2-layer critical frequency in Irkutsk and the maximum observed frequency of one-hop mode on the path Magadan — Tory on 15 January; (3) Morning–midday Es layers with limiting frequencies reaching 7 MHz that were observed in mid-latitudes at the end of the first and beginning of the second day of the storm recovery phase.