Bose-Einstein condensation and local thermodynamics of photons in a VCSEL
A new operation regime of VCSELs is observed: the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of photons. We obtained coherent ground mode emission from the fundamental mode of a broad-area (23-µm diameter) VCSEL and a spectrum following the predictions of thermodynamic theory. Moreover, in very broad-area (80-µm diameter) VCSELs, we observed inhomogeneous emission and found signatures of the coexistence of conventional photon lasing and thermalised photon gas at different positions.
Authors
- James A. Lott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4094-499X)
- Aleksandra Piasecka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-6726)
- Michał Wasiak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9569-4265)
- Tomasz Czyszanowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-5074)
- Axel Pelster (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-0348)
- Marcin Gębski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-1761)
- Maciej Pieczarka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-118X)
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-01-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2025.ss124_1
- Primary Topic
- Strong Light-Matter Interactions
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00