Validating the Core Elements of a Linguapreneurship Model: Insights from a Fuzzy Delphi Analysis

The emerging intersection of language education and entrepreneurship conceptualized as linguapreneurship demands a strong framework to guide curriculum development and policy formulation in alignment with digital transformation and economic innovation. Addressing this critical gap, the present study employs the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to validate the core components of a proposed Linguapreneurship Model. A diverse expert panel comprising 12 professionals from academia, digital content industries, and educational technology was engaged to evaluate 30 proposed model elements using a linguistic importance scale. Through the application of triangular fuzzy number calculations and defuzzification techniques, expert judgments were synthesized to determine levels of consensus. The analysis revealed that 25 elements met or exceeded the established consensus threshold (defuzzified value ≥ 0.5), indicating strong expert agreement on their significance and relevance. These validated elements span key thematic domains such as artificial intelligence integration, digital language learning platforms, industry-academic partnerships, and innovative linguapreneurial pedagogies. The findings offer an empirically grounded and consensus-based model that advances the theoretical and practical understanding of linguapreneurship. Furthermore, the validated framework provides a strategic foundation for the design and implementation of forward-thinking language education programs that are aligned with the competencies required in the digital economy and the broader context of Industry 4.0. By embedding entrepreneurial and technological dimensions into language curricula, this study contributes to the transformation of language education and enhancing its socio-economic impact.