Recycling spent-lithium-ion batteries into high-performance supercapacitor electrodes: Sustainable approach for energy storage

Supercapacitor electrodes are successfully fabricated using waste battery powder containing active materials. These electrodes exhibit notable electrochemical performance, achieving specific capacitance 158 Fg −1 and 165 Fg −1 for 5 % and 10 % Carbon nanotube (CNT) mixed electrode, respectively, as determined from cyclic voltammetry (CV). Additionally, Specific capacitance 155 Fg −1 and 186 Fg −1 are computed from Galvanostatic- charge discharge curves at current density 3 Ag −1 for 5 % and 10 % CNT mixed electrodes respectively. The energy density of 5 % and 10 % CNT doped electrodes are 27.5 WhKg −1 and 33.4 WhKg −1 respectively. Furthermore power densities are 3216 WKg −1 , 3239 WKg −1 . The synthesized material, exhibiting a better charge storage capability and energy, power densities, demonstrates strong potential as a candidate for high-performing supercapacitor electrodes.