Electromyography Analysis of the Korean Traditional Dance Hakchum ‘Tteu Nalgi’ Movement

This study aimed to analyze the Tteu Nalgi (jump and fly) movement in the Korean traditional dance Hakchum by dividing it into four phases and examining the duration and electromyographic (EMG) activity of key lower limb and trunk muscles.<br/> First, Phase 1 showed the longest duration, indicating a focus on preparatory posture and neuromuscular control.<br/> Second, Phase 1 involved high activation of the tibialis anterior and biceps femoris, emphasizing propulsion readiness.<br/> Third, in Phase 2, the left hamstring and gastrocnemius played a key role during take-off, while the rectus abdominis showed minimal activity.<br/> Fourth, Phase 3 showed strong activation of trunk and lower limb muscles, highlighting control before landing.<br/> Fifth, Phase 4 emphasized stabilization with high EMG in the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior, while trunk muscles remained less active.<br/> In conclusion, the EMG analysis revealed that muscle activation patterns varied clearly across the four phases of the Hakchum jumping movement. Lower limb flexors, extensors, and trunk stabilizers coordinated dynamically throughout the movement to support both functional stability and artistic expression. These results provide foundational data for a biomechanical understanding of Hakchum and may contribute to developing more effective training strategies for Korean traditional dance.