FREQUENCY AND STRUCTURE OF SIDE EFFECTS WHEN USING ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most common chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, significantly increasing the risk of developing myocardial infarction, stroke and chronic heart failure. In this regard, pharmacotherapy plays a key role in blood pressure control. Sartans (angiotensin II receptor blockers) occupy an important place in the treatment of hypertension, providing effective pressure reduction and protection of target organs. However, their use may be accompanied by various side effects that must be considered when prescribing therapy The purpose of the study. Determination of the structure and frequency of side effects that occur when using sartan in patients with hypertension based on the analysis of international and national experience Materials and methods. The study includes publications from international databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline) and domestic sources (RSCI, eLibrary) devoted to the analysis of side effects of sartans. The main parameters of the analysis included: the overall frequency of side effects, comparison of foreign and domestic data, changes in laboratory parameters, effects on the cardiovascular system, individual adverse reactions. The search depth was 15 years. Of the total 51 analyzed scientific articles, 27 were selected for writing this article.. The results of the study. The results of the study confirm that sartans have a high safety profile and good tolerability, but they can cause side effects of varying severity. According to international studies, the most common adverse reactions are dizziness, headache, and general weakness. When used in combination with diuretics in elderly patients, the risk of developing orthostatic hypotension increases, which requires careful monitoring and gradual titration of the dosage. Compared with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, sartans are less likely to cause angioedema, which makes them the preferred choice in patients with ace inhibitor intolerance. Discussion. The results of the study confirm that sartans have a good safety profile. International studies, including data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Society of Cardiology, confirm their low incidence of serious side effects. Russian studies published in the journals Cardiology and Therapeutic Archive confirm similar findings, but note a higher risk of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Unlike ace inhibitors, sartans are less likely to cause cough, which makes them the preferred choice in patients with ACE inhibitor intolerance.