Estimating the Impacts of Topological Changes in Sub-Transmission Areas using Hybrid Observers

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources presents significant challenges in managing congestion within power transmission networks. Transmission System Operators (TSOs) often tackle these issues by reconfiguring the network or limiting renewable power generation, particularly in complex subtransmission areas. However, strategies like network reconfiguration that alter the topology necessitate to update the underlying dynamic models used for control purposes. The objective of this paper is to accurately identify and estimate these model changes, allowing for the use of suitable models in model-based control. We focus on a subtransmission area that is affected by external topological changes beyond its boundaries. To account for these unknown changes, we model the system as a hybrid system and utilize hybrid observers to estimate the correct model from a predefined set of possibilities, derived from prior data.