Adaptive Inertia Controller for Grid-Forming Converters

This paper presents an adaptive control technique for grid-forming converters to enhance power quality and frequency stability while providing inertial behavior. Using the virtual synchronous generator model, the approach emulates traditional synchronous machines operation but mitigates instability caused by high inertia values. The proposed adaptive inertia strategy dynamically adjusts the emulated inertia based on rate of change of frequency constraints. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate improved frequency stability and reduced power oscillations across various conditions, making this method a viable solution for enhancing grid forming converter operation.