A Pioneering Study Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Sickle Cell Disease and Its Association with Oral Health Among Pediatric and General Dentists in Madhya Pradesh, India

Introduction The region of Central India, particularly Madhya Pradesh, is characterized by a high incidence of sickle cell disease (SCD) affecting diverse demographic groups. Given the intricate relationship between SCD and oral health, this research aims to assess the understanding and awareness of dentists in Madhya Pradesh, focusing on both pediatric and general dental practitioners. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a structured, self-administered questionnaire (Google Forms, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA) comprising 22 closed-ended questions. The questionnaire was disseminated to 200 dental professionals, including 100 pediatric dentists and 100 general dentists practicing in Madhya Pradesh, via WhatsApp groups (Meta Platforms Inc., Menlo Park, CA) of dental associations and personal networks. The gathered data underwent analysis via IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), revealing statistical patterns and correlations. Results A significant knowledge gap was observed between pediatric dentists and general dentists in Madhya Pradesh regarding the oral health consequences associated with SCD. While 84% of pediatric dentists recognized the association between SCD and oral health, only 30% of general dentists demonstrated correct knowledge. General dentists showed limited understanding in areas such as SCD testing timing (36%), bone marrow transplant as a cure (29%), common oral manifestations (41%), pulp necrosis in healthy teeth (24%), and local anesthesia safety (33%). However, both groups exhibited good knowledge of aspirin contraindications and prophylactic antibiotic use. Conclusion While pediatric dentists showed satisfactory knowledge, general practitioners require supplementary education to improve their awareness and management of SCD. Future studies should expand to multiple states, use objective measures, and include larger, random samples to enhance generalizability. Clinical significance This pioneering study in Madhya Pradesh and India highlights the need for enhanced education on SCD among dental practitioners. It emphasizes training on SCD diagnosis, oral features, and patient management to improve dental care for SCD patients in the region.