MYTHOLOGYMES IN ANCIENT WRITTEN SOURCES AND EXAMPLES OF ORAL FOLK LITERATURE

All myths and legends mentioned in ancient written sources are closely related to the first ideas of people about the creation of the world. As we get acquainted with myths and legends, we can observe the common aspects of myths and mythological ideas of different peoples. If myths arose through the view of primitive man about how the world appeared and the processes related to nature, mythologemes arose by studying the reasons for the emergence of these mythological ideas and explaining the role of man in this process. Mythologeme is used to describe mythological plots, scenes and images in the cultures of the peoples of the world, the characteristic features, globality and generality of images [Myth and Artistic Creation, 2024:198]. Among the mythologemes that are important for Turkic and other peoples, the analysis of the "tree of life" and "mountain of the world" was discussed. These mythologies reflect the ideas about the creation of the world and create a commonality between peoples. This shows that mythologies have not lost their significance and value even today.