Competency-based approach to building human resources for public administration in the security and defence sector

The article examined the competency-based approach to developing human resources in the security and defence sector in the context of global challenges and threats. The aim of the study was to outline a competency-based model for public administration in the defence and security sector, capable of adapting to an unpredictable, dynamic, and complex security environment. Methodologically, the research relied on a qualitative descriptive approach using content analysis of academic and practical sources from 2000-2025, which enabled the systematisation of key categories and the identification of leading trends in the selection, training, and development of personnel. It was substantiated that human resource management in the defence sphere went beyond a purely administrative function, becoming a key factor in ensuring national security, operational efficiency, and strategic development. The publication highlighted the role of the competency-based approach in personnel recruitment, training, and development within the public administration system of the defence sector. It identified the uniqueness of competencies required in the defence sector, in particular the need to combine technical, managerial, and soft skills, as well as the importance of a co-creation paradigm in talent management. The study emphasised the significance of strategic workforce planning, bridging gaps between existing and required competencies, and introducing innovative approaches to personnel policy. It analysed international experience from the USA, EU countries, and Australia in building competency frameworks, recruitment mechanisms, training, and retention systems in the field of national security. The practical value of the study lay in formulating recommendations for improving HRM processes in Ukraine’s security and defence sector, taking into account international standards and national specifics, thereby enhancing the flexibility, resilience, and effectiveness of personnel structures