BIODIVERSITY OF MACROMYCETES OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF ODESA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY AND ADJOINING PARK ZONES OF ODESA

Problem. Macromycetes species diversity of dendroparks of urbanized territory and their taxonomical and trophic composition. Aim. Investigation of species diversity of mushrooms of ONU Botanical Garden and neighboring park territory of Odesa city. Methods. Studies of fungi were carried out in 2024 within the territory of ONU Botanical Garden, parks named after Chkalov, Arcadia and on the costal sea slope. The description of the identified species was carried out according to the conventional method. While describing bodies of mushrooms, attention was paid to the shape and size, texture, surface character, colour, odor, and hymenophore type. Special dyes and reаgents were used when necessary. Totally about 100 samples of mushroom bodies were collected. Well-known determinants were used to identify them. Main results. The total number of the mushroom species found in the investigated territory of Odesa parks equalled 70. They belong to two phyla, 3 classes, 11 orders, 29 families and 50 genera. The class Agaricomycetes dominated – 69 species (98.6%). We found 52 species of Agaricoides fungi, Aphillophoroides – 10, Tremelloides – 3. The largest orders (by quantity of families, genera and species) were Agaricales (16, 30, 47 respectively), Polyporales ((3, 6, 7), Boletales (3, 5, 5) and Russulales (2, 2, 4), together constituting 90.0% of the quantity of the found species of fungi. It is the first generalization of biodiversity of fungi of ОNU Botanical Garden ОNU and the neighbouring near-sea parks of Оdеsa. Prevailing trophic fungi groups of parks were presented by xylophages, with the second place taken by humus saprotrophs and symbiotrophical fungi being on the third place. Conclusions. The growth of mushrooms and their development are closely associated with floristic riches of plants cover and ecological conditions of the investigated territory.