Factor II (Prothrombin) Deficiency in a Paediatric Patient: A Case Report

Deficiency of Factor II, also known as prothrombin, is an exceedingly rare bleeding disorder.It has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 2 million individuals.While severe deficiency cases are well-documented, moderate deficiencies can present diagnostic challenges.A case of a one-year male patient presenting with subcutaneous nodules, rash, pruritus, gum bleeding, and joint swelling was reported.Laboratory investigations were initially performed soon after the transfusion appeared within or near normal ranges, but when repeated after an appropriate interval, they confirmed a moderate Factor II deficiency.The patient's clinical presentation underscores the potential for marked bleeding symptoms even in cases of moderate deficiencies.This case highlights the importance of Factor II deficiency in the differential diagnosis of unexplained bleeding in paediatric patients, even when standard coagulation tests are within normal limits.