Assessment of Hoof Disease Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Management Practices in Indigenous Horses of Bangladesh

Foot diseases have a significant impact on the health and productivity of horses, particularly in regions where they are integral to the livelihoods of rural communities. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hoof diseases, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate management practices in indigenous horses in the greater Mymensingh region of Bangladesh. Over a 12-month period, data were collected from 140 horse owners through structured interviews, and their horses were examined in the field for signs of lameness. The overall prevalence of lameness was found to be 8.57%, with significant differences across age groups, housing systems, and body height (P<0.05). Older horses (>5 years) and those taller than 145 cm were significantly more prone to lameness. Among the housing systems, enclosed tie-stall housing showed a higher lameness rate (5.71%) than open-front stables (2.86%). Poor management practices, including inadequate housing, irregular grooming, limited dietary supplementation, and lack of access to veterinary care, were identified as major contributors to foot health problems. The findings highlight the important role of proper husbandry and healthcare in mitigating the burden of hoof diseases. Improving housing design, ensuring balanced nutrition, and increasing access to trained veterinary services are essential strategies to enhance the productivity and welfare of indigenous horses in Bangladesh.