Polarization-field-tuned Pyro-phototronic Detectors: From Uniform Polarization to Gradient Polarization

Abstract Miniaturized low-power and high-performance photoelectric sensor is a key research topic in integrated optoelectronic chips and intelligent sensors.Particularly pyro-phototronic detectors have emerged as a vital research direction in optoelectronic sensing due to their self-powered capability fast response high responsivity and broad bandwidth.Here the fundamental principles of pyro-phototronic effect are elucidated followed by an overview of per formance optimization strategies and specialized applications of this effect in various junctions-based photodetectors.Subsequently enhancement of non-uniform polarization field on pyro-phototronic effects in PN junctions is demonstrat ed through enhancement mechanism and constructing methodologies for gradient polarization fields.Based on the engi neered gradient polarization we achieved the PN-junction pyro-phototronic detectors with superior performances in re sponsivity and spectral bandwidth.Finally we offer insight into the future development of pyro-phototronic detectors in design principles device architectures and specific applications.The studies on polarization-field-tuned photodetec tors offer flexible design paradigms for advancing pyro-phototronic sensing which might significantly accelerate the practical applications of pyro-phototronic detectors in smart sensing communication and ultrafast imaging.