A zero-dimensional (C₆H₉N₂)₃[BiCl₆] hybrid material: synthesis and structural, optical, and electrical conductivity

The organic-inorganic hybrid compounds have attracted considerable attention due to their exceptional properties and diverse applications. This study successfully synthesized the hybrid compound (C₆H₉N₂)₃[BiCl₆] <i>via</i> a slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Structural analysis confirmed a triclinic crystal system within the <i>P</i>1̄ space group, while thermal investigations revealed a phase transition at 420 K. Optical characterization through UV-visible absorption spectroscopy highlighted its semiconducting nature. Electrical and dielectric measurements performed using complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) demonstrated a strong dependence on both frequency and temperature. Nyquist plots (-<i>Z</i>'' <i>vs. Z</i>') exhibited a single semicircular arc, indicative of non-Debye relaxation behavior. The AC conductivity exhibits behavior consistent with Jonscher's universal power law, while temperature-dependent analysis indicates that the correlated barrier-hopping (CBH) model governs the predominant conduction mechanism. Notably, the material exhibits a high dielectric constant, underscoring its potential for energy storage applications.