Language Production in a Parkinson's Disease Patient in Banjarnegara: A Psycholinguistic Analysis

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a condition caused by damage to the nervous system, which impacts speech functions and is marked by slow movement and speech (bradykinesia). This condition relates to the brain's ability to process speech functions and linguistic information. Parkinson's affects both motor and cognitive abilities, which are integral to speech production and linguistic processing. The research was conducted in Banjarnegara on a 70-year-old patient suffering from Parkinson's Disease. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method, followed by field observations and interviews using audiovisual recording and note-taking techniques. The aim is to analyze the language production produced by a Parkinson's patient as an initial step to identify what language disorders appear. So it is hoped that the results of this identification can be used to follow up on what stage of speech therapy should be given. The data is in the form of language production, consisting of speech in the form of words and sentences. The results of the study found that a Parkinson's patient experienced a decrease in cognitive abilities, which was indicated by difficulty in producing speech when answering questions. Patients try to remember by repeating the words "what is that", "anu", "what is it" at the beginning and in the middle of each utterance. In addition, the speech is not perfectly structured in its syntax, so it requires careful attention to what is conveyed. For example, "So if I think it’s stiff, my legs feel tight, my hands trembled too. So I can't, I can't think anymore. Maybe it's the brain's nerves, yes, it's the brain's nerves". The results of the study showed that language production in a Parkinson's patient experienced a decrease in cognitive ability in the process of uttering words and sentences. However, there has been no decrease in pronunciation in the form of phonological phonemes.