Preeclampsia grave-eclampsia: protocolo de estudio ecográfico multisistémico en el puerperio inmediato

Objective: To determine the systemic alterations induced by severe preeclampsia-eclampsia, with the use of multisystemic ultrasound, in patients in the immediate puerperium, who enter the delivery room of the Central Hospital of San Cristóbal, during the period March - June 2022. Methods: Prospective, descriptive, case-control, cross-sectional, non-experimental study. The population consisted of 80 patients, 40 cases with severe preeclampsia-eclampsia and 40 healthy controls, who underwent multisystem ultrasound in the immediate puerperium. Results: Through multisystem ultrasound evaluation in the immediate puerperium, it was evident that the diameter of the optic nerve sheath of 34 patients (85%) was increased. At the pulmonary level, in the right pulmonary field the presence of 3 or more B lines was found in 13 postpartum women (32.5%) and in the left pulmonary field in 12 (30%). In the abdominal region, the inferior vena cava collapsibility index decreased by less than 50% in 15 pre-eclamptic patients (37.5%) and in the FAST assessment, 4 patients had Glisson capsule hematoma (10%) and 4 had free fluid in the Morrison space (10%). All healthy patients had normal results on ultrasound. Conclusion: Multisystem ultrasound allows detection of systemic alterations induced by severe preeclampsia in patients in the immediate puerperium, and can be used as prognostic indicator of alterations at the level of the central nervous, pulmonary, abdominal and hemodynamic systems.