Turbulence statistical analysis of the L-H transition and RMPs in KSTAR

Abstract We investigate the turbulence statistics associated with low-to-high confinement (L-H) transitions and externally applied resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) in KSTAR. Time-series fluctuations of electron density <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , electron temperature <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and the time derivative of the poloidal magnetic field <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>θ</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> (Mirnov coils) are analysed using information-geometric measures (information rate Γ and information length <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-calligraphic">L</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∫</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mml:mi> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), together with kurtosis κ and variance σ 2 . In low-density upper single-null plasmas ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>19</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>80</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> kHz magnetic mode coupling <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>θ</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> emerges prior to the L-H transition and persists into the edge-localised modes H-mode. Edge-localised RMPs (ERMPs) suppress this coherent mode but enhance intermittency, producing frequent bursts that abruptly reshape the time-dependent probability density functions (PDFs) and generate large spikes in Γ (with smaller changes in κ ), signalling ERMP-driven departures from quasi-stationarity. The impact of ERMPs on background fluctuation levels depends on density, radial location, and the fluctuating variable itself ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="true">~</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="true">~</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>˙</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>θ</mml:mi>

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Journal
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Published
2025-09-17
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ae087a
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Magnetic confinement fusion research
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article
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1.87
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article

Turbulence statistical analysis of the L-H transition and RMPs in KSTAR

G. J. Choi, S.M. Yang, Yoonji Lee, M. Choi et al.
1 citations
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Magnetic confinement fusion research
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article

Turbulence statistical analysis of the L-H transition and RMPs in KSTAR

G. J. Choi, S.M. Yang, Yoonji Lee, M. Choi, Yong-Su Na, Eun‐jin Kim, Jong-Kyu Park, SungKoo Han, Hanshik Chung
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Abstract We investigate the turbulence statistics associated with low-to-high confinement (L-H) transitions and externally applied resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) in KSTAR. Time-series fluctuations of electron density <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , electron temperature <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and the time derivative of the poloidal magnetic field <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>θ</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> (Mirnov coils) are analysed using information-geometric measures (information rate Γ and information length <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-calligraphic">L</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∫</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mml:mi> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), together with kurtosis κ and variance σ 2 . In low-density upper single-null plasmas ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>19</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>80</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> kHz magnetic mode coupling <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>θ</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> emerges prior to the L-H transition and persists into the edge-localised modes H-mode. Edge-localised RMPs (ERMPs) suppress this coherent mode but enhance intermittency, producing frequent bursts that abruptly reshape the time-dependent probability density functions (PDFs) and generate large spikes in Γ (with smaller changes in κ ), signalling ERMP-driven departures from quasi-stationarity. The impact of ERMPs on background fluctuation levels depends on density, radial location, and the fluctuating variable itself ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="true">~</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="true">~</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>˙</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>θ</mml:mi>

Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionVol. 67(10)
Seoul National University (KR), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (US), Korea Institute of Fusion Energy (KR), Coventry University (GB), Korea University of Science and Technology (KR)
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Magnetic confinement fusion research
1.87
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