Review of Frequency Regulation Technologies for Wind Power

Under the global accelerated transition toward low-carbon energy, wind power, as a clean and sustainable energy source, is witnessing continuous expansion in its development and utilization. According to relevant data, renewable energy accounted for $26.2 \%$ of global electricity generation in 2018, with wind power ranking second among clean energy sources at $5.5 \%$. China possesses abundant onshore wind resources, accounting for $32 \%$ of global onshore wind resources, yet wind power currently contributes less than $\mathbf{5 \%}$ to its electricity mix. Guided by the “Dual Carbon” goals (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality), enhancing wind power grid integration technologies and advancing large-scale grid-connected wind power hold critical strategic significance. The stochastic nature of wind speed has increasingly highlighted the challenge of power fluctuations in wind energy systems.To address this issue, proactive support from wind turbines and technological breakthroughs through system-level coordinated regulation are imperative. Research on wind power participation in grid frequency regulation is of paramount importance, as it not only ensures grid stability but also promotes the efficient utilization of wind energy and drives the transformation of the energy structure. This paper focuses on the core technological pathways for wind turbines to actively engage in grid frequency regulation. It aims to thoroughly analyze relevant control strategies, compare the characteristics of different control algorithms, and provide insights into future technological trends, thereby offering references for advancing wind power frequency.