Co-Optimization of 5G Base Station Backup Energy Storage for Virtual Inertia Support in Low-Inertia Power Systems

With the rise in the proportion of new energy generation and power electronic equipment, the power system is facing the serious challenges of inertia decline and insufficient frequency stability. It highlights the urgent need for distributed virtual inertia technology for new power systems. This paper focuses on the co-optimization problem of 5G base station (5GBS) standby energy storage participating in the system frequency response: firstly, a power system frequency response model is established to quantify the mathematical relationship between system inertia and primary frequency capacity. Second, we analyze the communication-electricity coupling characteristics of the 5GBS, and propose an operation model that integrates the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the communication load and the adjustable capacity of the backup energy storage. Finally, a hierarchical iterative solving method is designed to realize the cooperative optimization of "communication reliability and grid frequency stability".