A Demand Response-Oriented Trusted Optimal Scheduling Approach for Electric Vehicle Aggregation

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming an increasingly valuable demand-side resource due to their flexibility and energy storage capabilities. Given the limited capacity of a single EV, the aggregation of charging load data is crucial for developing effective demand response strategies for EVs and facilitating orderly charging. However, the demand response scheduling model for EV aggregation is often solved by aggregators, and the solution process is in a "black box" state, making it difficult to verify the reliability of the solution results. This paper explores a trustworthy solution method for the demand response scheduling model for EV aggregation based on blockchain. Firstly, a demand response scheduling model for EV aggregation is constructed. Secondly, a blockchain-based on-chain-off-chain collaborative solution architecture for electric vehicle scheduling is established. In this architecture, the off-chain layer is responsible for the model solving and result validation, while the selection of solving nodes and the establishment of a consensus mechanism are performed on-chain. Finally, a smart contract for trusted EV scheduling is designed. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method possesses the advantages of verifiable optimality and efficiency.