Seasonal Hydrogen Storage Planning Strategies for Decarbonization Target-oriented Power and Hydrogen Integrated Energy Stations

This article explores the planning issues of integrated electricity-hydrogen energy stations, aiming to achieve optimal system operation through seasonal hydrogen storage technology. As fossil energy resources deplete and environmental pollution worsens, the application of clean energy in integrated energy frameworks is increasingly important. Integrated electricity-hydrogen energy stations can comprehensively utilize different energy sources, such as electricity, heat, and cooling, promote renewable energy absorption, and enhance energy utilization rates. However, current distributed energy stations primarily using natural gas face problems like uneven geographic distribution, environmental impacts, and insufficient long-term storage capabilities. Therefore, this article presents a planning framework for electricity-hydrogen integrated energy stations using hydrogen as the main fuel, combining hydrogen fuel cells and seasonal hydrogen storage technology to fully utilize clean energy. By constructing the structural model of the electricity-hydrogen integrated energy station, the electricity and hydrogen power balance equations are analyzed, and an optimization model is proposed to minimize the annual investment and operating costs of the system. Additionally, optimization modeling is conducted for the hydrogen storage system. Case studies confirm the model's impact and superiority. The results show that seasonal hydrogen storage technology can efficiently alleviate long-term fluctuations in renewable energy, boosting system stability and economy. This research provides important theoretical support and practical guidance for regional energy supply decarbonization.