2.77 kV/m/s² Sensitivity Digital Demodulator-Decimator-Filter on Xilinx Spartan-7 FPGA for Sub-Hz Aerospace Nano-Gravimetry Accelerometers Down to 10 nm/s²

Nano-gravimetry accelerometers read-out front ends for aerospace gravimetry measurements require both accurate analog and digital signal processing to extract with ultra-low noise power (< 5nV<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RMS</sub> at 1 Hz bandwidth) the weak sub-Hz acceleration signal. To migrate toward fully integrated monolithic silicon systems, such weak acceleration signal requires advanced analog and digital signal processing techniques: an analog low-noise amplification and digitization, and digital precise demodulation and filtering with a strong (x100 power w.r.t. sub-Hz acceleration) rejection of the non-scientifically relevant out-of-band acceleration interferers. This paper focuses on the digital signal conditioning section composed of demodulation, decimation and filtering stages. To validate the proposed design, we designed an analog front end that amplifies, filters, and digitizes acceleration signals produced by an emulated sensor. The complete design and behavioral/electrical characterization are presented and deployed on a Digilent CMOD S7 35T evaluation board mounting the cost-optimized Spartan-7 FPGA. The digital demodulator, decimator, and filter stages reconstruct the minimum amplified signal of 10 nm/s<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 1 Hz with a measured SNR of 12.2 and 12.4 dB with and without the out-of-band interferers respectively.