Synergy between architect and algorithm – the evolution of architectural design process through digital tools

<p>This paper examines how digital tools have transformed the architectural design process – from early CAD systems and parametric modeling to generative design and modern AI-based algorithms. The focus is on the relationship between the architect and the algorithm in shaping architectural solutions. Over time, digital tools have enhanced the precision and efficiency of architectural design. However, with the rise of generative design and multi-objective optimization, algorithms have evolved from being just tools to becoming active participants in the creative process. Through a historical overview and an analysis of tools, the paper explores how algorithms influence form, functionality and energy efficiency while architects retain creative control. The conclusion highlights a hybrid model as the most effective approach in modern architectural design, where the algorithm processes data and optimizes solutions, while the architect sets the creative framework and makes final decisions.</p>