Launch and operation of the PIKACHU experiment to search for double beta decay in 160Gd
$^{160}$Gd is a candidate for double beta decay with relatively high natural abundance (21.9%). However, its low Q-value (1.73 MeV) makes the observation of even the two-neutrino double beta decay (2$\nu$2$\beta$) extremely challenging. The most sensitive search used a 2 inch Gd$_2$SiO$^5$ (GSO) scintillator. However, they was not able to observe 2$\nu$2$\beta$ due to significant background from intrinsic radioactive impurities which are uranium and thorium decay chains. Consequently, they established a lower limit of 1.9$\times$10$^{19}$ years on the 2$\nu$2$\beta$ half-life ($T^{2\nu}_{1/2}$). Theoretical prediction suggests $T^{2\nu}_{1/2}$ of approximately 7.4$\times$10$^{20}$ years. The PIKACHU experiment was designed to observe $^{160}$Gd 2$\nu$2$\beta$ by employing large Gd$_3$Ga$_3$Al$_2$O$_{12}$ (GAGG) single crystals. GAGG offers several advantages over GSO: higher light yield, possibility of pulse shape discrimination, and a higher $^{160}$Gd content by increasing in size. We planned two phases: Phase 1 aims to search 2$\nu$2$\beta$ in $^{160}$Gd with the best sensitivity in the world, and then, Phase 2 is intended to achieve a sensitivity approximately an order of magnitude better than previous study, with the goal of observing the decay. In this conference, I introduced the concept of the PIKACHU experiment, present on the development of high-purity GAGG crystals, and report the current status of data acquisition and analysis for Phase 1.
Authors
- Yasuhiro Shoji (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8809-0458)
- Nobuo Hinohara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9562-0189)
- K. Mizukoshi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3723-7250)
- T. Iida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4052-5392)
- Masao Yoshino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3162-6375)
- Kei Kamada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5288-1688)
- A. Gando
- K. Hosokawa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8766-3629)
- K. Fushimi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5107-6724)
- Masatoshi Ishigami (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0938-631X)
- Kyohei Nakajima
- Tadafumi Kishimoto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2923-2193)
- T. Omori
- Shotaro Ishidate
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-09-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.22323/1.495.0032
- Primary Topic
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00