Neurofluid dynamics along the optic nerve: Application of 3D interleaved stack-of-stars (iSoS) with Time-SLIP Spin Labeling

Motivation: To explore neuro-ophthalmologic diseases in relation to neurofluids, further extending to the glymphatic system. Goal(s): To visualize neurofluid movement along the optic nerve using 3D interleaved stack-of-stars (iSoS) with time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP) spin labeling. Approach: Motion robust iSoS with Time-SLIP spin labeling were applied and collected with multiple inversion times (TI) at clinical 3T, targeting neurofluid dynamics in the optic nerve. Results: Neurofluid moved bidirectionally along the optic nerve and neurofluid dispersed around the eyeball and the adjacent fat tissue in all participants. Per pixel signal increase ratio analysis shows orbit fluid movements. Impact: Proof of neurofluid dynamics along the optic nerve provides new insights into understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of neuro-ophthalmic disease, particularly those related to the glymphatic system.