Combined Annual Modulation Dark Matter Search with COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112
The annual modulation signal, claimed to be consistent with dark matter as observed by DAMA/LIBRA in a sodium-iodide based detector, has persisted for over two decades. COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112 were designed to test the claim directly using the same target material. COSINE-100, located at Yangyang Underground Laboratory in South Korea, and ANAIS-112, located at Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain, have been taking data since 2016 and 2017, respectively. Each experiment published its respective results independently. In this Letter, we present the results of an annual modulation search as a test of the signal observed by DAMA/LIBRA with the first three respective years of data from COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112. Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we find best fit values for modulation amplitude of -0.0002±0.0026 cpd/kg/keV in the 1-6 keV and 0.0021±0.0028 cpd/kg/keV in the 2-6 keV energy regions. These results are not compatible with DAMA/LIBRA's assertion for their observation of annual modulation at 3.7σ and 2.6σ, respectively. Performing a simple combination of the newly released 6-year datasets from both experiments finds values consistent with no modulation at 0.0005±0.0019 cpd/kg/keV in the 1-6 keV and 0.0027±0.0021 cpd/kg/keV in the 2-6 keV energy regions with 4.7σ and 3.5σ respective exclusions of the DAMA/LIBRA signal.
Authors
- S. H. Kim
- J. S. Park
- J. Puimedón
- J. Apilluelo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7877-2985)
- N.J.C. Spooner
- Y. J. Ko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-8745)
- D. Cintas
- W. K. Kim
- N. T. Luan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6617-2522)
- B. B. Manzato
- D. F. F. S. Cavalcante
- Jin Cho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-7852)
- A. C. Ezeribe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1604-2304)
- H. S. Lee
- I. Coarasa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8100-1368)
- Y. Ortigoza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2793-7544)
- Sophia J. Hollick (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-7597)
- H. J. Kim
- Seungbum Hong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-1983)
- I. S. Hahn
- Ji Yeoun Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7605)
- H. Lee
- Hyun‐Woo Joo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5122-4202)
- Carlos Seoane (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5448-1784)
- K. A. Shin
- Jong‐Chul Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-5991)
- K W Kim
- Y. D. Kim
- L. Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3294-0879)
- S. L. Olsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6388-9885)
- Y. H. Kim
- Y. J. Lee
- H. Prihtiadi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-8087)
- K. S. Park
- R. Maruyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2794-512X)
- S. K. Kim
- J. Amaré (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7158-9794)
- D. H. Lee
- C. Rott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-6033)
- Myungwoo Son (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-6386)
- S. Cebrián (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6948-5101)
- M. Kauer
- E. K. Lee
- E. J. Jeon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-8907)
- Tamara Pardo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0503-8150)
- S. D. Park
- I. S. Lee
- J. Lee
- H. K. Park
- S. M. Lee
- M.L. Sarsa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7552-1228)
- S. H. Lee
- B. H. Kim
- Eduardo García García (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4300-4314)
- C. Ha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-8589)
- L. E. França
- Hae‐Sim Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2614-0303)
- J. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-3309)
- Kyungho Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1552-9914)
- M. H. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4082-1677)
- Hye Young Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-8556)
- Guanghua Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-3091)
- D. S. Leonard
- M. Martínez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-4691)
- V. H. A. Machado
- N. Carlin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9230-1091)
- J. J. Choi
- L. T. Truc
- S. J.
- R. J. Neal
- A. Órtiz de Solórzano
- R. L. C. Pitta
- S. Choi
- W. G. Kang
Institutions
- State University of Malang (ID)
- University of Science and Technology (YE)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Chungnam National University (KR)
- University of Utah (US)
- Universidad de Zaragoza (ES)
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KR)
- Kyungpook National University (KR)
- Yale University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Institute for Basic Science (KR)
- Canfranc Underground Laboratory (ES)
- Ewha Womans University Medical Center (KR)
- Chung-Ang University (KR)
- Jeju National University (KR)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Physical Review Letters
- Published
- 2025-09-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1103/9j7w-qp1c
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 7.48
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- European Commission
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Gobierno de Aragón
- Institute for Basic Science
- Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación